The Effect of Carnitine on Reducing Triglyceride Levels
Downloads
Carnitine is a crucial compound involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes, playing an essential role in converting fat into energy. One of the most accessible ways to increase L-carnitine levels is through the consumption of red meat, which is a more affordable alternative compared to supplements. However, there is limited information on the optimal amount of red meat required to reduce blood triglyceride levels. This study aims to compare the effects of 50 mg and 100 mg of L-carnitine derived from red meat on blood triglyceride levels. The research utilized a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. Participants included individuals aged 30-60 years with high triglyceride levels, who consumed beef did not take anti-cholesterol medications or had a history of diabetes. They also agreed to provide blood samples after an 8-9 hour fast. A simple random sampling method was used, with the first and odd-numbered participants assigned to the 100 mg group, and the second and even-numbered participants assigned to the 50 mg group. A total of 38 respondents were involved, with 19 in each group. The results indicated that the mean rank for the 100 mg carnitine group (17.32) was lower than that of the 50 mg group (21.68), though statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in triglyceride reduction between the two doses. The conclusion is the 50 mg carnitine group exhibited a higher increase in triglyceride levels compared to the 100 mg group. These findings suggest that a 12-day intervention with 100 mg of carnitine may prevent an increase in blood triglycerides, while 50 mg may not have the same effect.
Antari, N. W. S., & Damayanti, I. A. M. (2020). Uji Efektivitas L-Carnitine Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa pada Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus) yang diberi Pakan Tinggi Lemak. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Nasional, 4(2), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.37294/JRKN.V4I2.242
Cardenas, D. (2016). What is clinical nutrition? Understanding the epistemological foundations of a new discipline. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 11, e63–e66. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CLNESP.2015.10.001
Cardenas, D., & Ochoa, J. B. (2023). A paradigm shift in clinical nutrition. Clinical Nutrition, 42(3), 380–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2023.01.014
Cheng, Y. C., Sheen, J. M., Hu, W. L., & Hung, Y. C. (2017). Polyphenols and Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis-Related Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017 (1), 8526438. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8526438
Dambrova, M., & Liepinsh, E. (2015). Risks and benefits of carnitine supplementation in diabetes. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes, 123(2), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1390481
Dunning, K. R., & Robker, R. L. (2012). Promoting lipid utilization with l-carnitine to improve oocyte quality. Animal Reproduction Science, 134(1–2), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.013
Ferreira, G. C., & McKenna, M. C. (2017). L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain. Neurochemical Research, 42(6), 1661–1675. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11064-017-2288-7
Fielding, R., Riede, L., Lugo, J. P., & Bellamine, A. (2018). L-carnitine supplementation in recovery after exercise. Nutrients, 10(3), 349. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030349
Gnoni, A., Longo, S., Gnoni, G. V., & Giudetti, A. M. (2020). Carnitine in human muscle bioenergetics: Can carnitine supplementation improve physical exercise? Molecules, 25(1), 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010182
Hasanah, U., Suhariyadi, & Santoso, A. P. R. (2020). Association between Triglyceride Serum Levels and Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure at Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, 2(2), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.33086/ijmlst.v2i2.1668
Ikawati, K., Hadimarta, F. P., & Widodo, A. (2019). Hubungan Kadar Kolesterol Total Dan Trigliserida Terhadap Derajat Tekanan Darah. Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy, 3(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.31596/CJP.V3I1.44
Jiang, W., Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Gao, Q., Jin, Q., Yan, C., & Xu, Y. (2020). L-carnitine supplementation during in vitro culture regulates oxidative stress in embryos from bovine aged oocytes. Theriogenology, 143, 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.036
Kalma, K., Nuradi, N., Asikin, M., & Virgiawan, A. R. (2021). Korelasi Antara Kadar Trigliserida (Tg) Dengan Penyakit Hipertensi Pada Masyarakat Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Batua Kota Makassar. Jurnal Media Analis Kesehatan, 12(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.32382/mak.v12i1.2140
Laguna-Fernandez, A., Checa, A., Carracedo, M., Artiach, G., Petri, M. H., Baumgartner, R., Forteza, M. J., Jiang, X., Andonova, T., Walker, M. E., Dalli, J., Arnardottir, H., Gistera, A., Thul, S., Wheelock, C. E., Paulsson-Berne, G., Ketelhuth, D. F. J., Hansson, G. K., & Bäck, M. (2018). ERV1/ChemR23 Signaling Protects Against Atherosclerosis by Modifying Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake and Phagocytosis in Macrophages. Circulation, 138(16), 1693–1705. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032801
Lee, B. J., Lin, J. S., Lin, Y. C., & Lin, P. T. (2016). Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles in patients with coronary artery disease. Lipids in Health and Disease, 15(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-016-0277-5
Longo, N., Frigeni, M., Pasquali, M., Biophys, B., & Author, A. (2016). Carnitine Transport and Fatty Acid Oxidation HHS Public Access Author manuscript. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1863(10), 2422–2435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.01.023.CARNITINE
Pooyandjoo, M., Nouhi, M., Shab-Bidar, S., Djafarian, K., & Olyaeemanesh, A. (2016). The effect of (L-)carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 17(10), 970–976. https://doi.org/10.1111/OBR.12436
Rolfes, S.R., Pinna, K., & Whitney, E. (2020). Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition (12th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Sepehrvand, N., & Ezekowitz, J. A. (2016). Oxygen therapy in patients with. The American College of Cardiology Foundation, 4(10), 783-790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2016.03.026
Shafiei, G., Almasi, M., Nikzad, H., Miyan, J., Mahabadi, J. A., & Moshkdanian, G. (2020). L-carnitine reduces the adverse effects of ROS and up-regulates the expression of implantation related genes in in vitro developed mouse embryos. Theriogenology, 145, 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.008
Shahreza, P. B., Ahmadpour, S., Almasi, M., Hosseini, E. S., Taheri, M. A., & Moshkdanian, G. (2023). The effect of L-carnitine on oocyte mitochondrial health and biomarkers on cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug in mice. Reproductive Toxicology, 108490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108490
Sposito, A. C., Zimetti, F., Barreto, J., & Zanotti, I. (2019). Lipid trafficking in cardiovascular disease. Advances in Clinical Chemistry, 92, 105–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/BS.ACC.2019.04.002
Stephens, F. B., Wall, B. T., Marimuthu, K., Shannon, C. E., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Macdonald, I. A., & Greenhaff, P. L. (2013). Skeletal muscle carnitine loading increases energy expenditure, modulates fuel metabolism gene networks and prevents body fat accumulation in humans. Journal of Physiology, 591(18), 4655–4666. https://doi.org/10.1113/JPHYSIOL.2013.255364
Tackling, G., & Borhade, M. B. (2021). Hypertensive Heart Disease. StatPearls. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539800/
Taylor, R., Zhang, C., George, D., Kotecha, S., Abdelghaffar, M., Forster, T., ... & Ghazal, P. (2024). Low circulatory levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C are associated with death of patients with sepsis and critical illness: systematic review, meta-analysis, and perspective of observational studies. EBioMedicine, 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EBIOM.2024.104981
Ulfa, M. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian L-Carnitine Terhadap Kadar Trigleserida Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar. Undergraduate thesis. Fakultas Kedokteran UNISSULA. Retrieved from: http://repository.unissula.ac.id/id/eprint/161
Vasudevan, D., S, S., Sreekumari, S., & Vaidyanathan, K. (2016). Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. In Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/13014_10
Virmani, M. A., & Cirulli, M. (2022). The role of l-carnitine in mitochondria, prevention of metabolic inflexibility and disease initiation. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(5), 2717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052717
Wang, W. H., Urbina, A. N., Chang, M. R., Assavalapsakul, W., Lu, P. L., Chen, Y. H., & Wang, S. F. (2020). Dengue hemorrhagic fever – A systemic literature review of current perspectives on pathogenesis, prevention and control. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 53(6), 963–978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.007
Zare, Z., Masteri Farahani, R., Salehi, M., Piryaei, A., Ghaffari Novin, M., Fadaei Fathabadi, F., ... & Dehghani-Mohammadabadi, M. (2015). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on maturation and early embryo development of immature mouse oocytes selected by brilliant cresyle blue staining. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 32, 635-643. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10815-015-0430-5
Copyright (c) 2025 JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright notice
Ownership of copyright
The copyright in this website and the material on this website (including without limitation the text, computer code, artwork, photographs, images, music, audio material, video material and audio-visual material on this website) is owned by JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN and its licensors.
Copyright license
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN grants to you a worldwide non-exclusive royalty-free revocable license to:
- view this website and the material on this website on a computer or mobile device via a web browser;
- copy and store this website and the material on this website in your web browser cache memory; and
- print pages from this website for your use.
- All articles published by JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN does not grant you any other rights in relation to this website or the material on this website. In other words, all other rights are reserved.
For the avoidance of doubt, you must not adapt, edit, change, transform, publish, republish, distribute, redistribute, broadcast, rebroadcast or show or play in public this website or the material on this website (in any form or media) without appropriately and conspicuously citing the original work and source or JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN prior written permission.
Permissions
You may request permission to use the copyright materials on this website by writing to jurnalinfokesehatan@gmail.com.
Enforcement of copyright
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN takes the protection of its copyright very seriously.
If JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN discovers that you have used its copyright materials in contravention of the license above, JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN may bring legal proceedings against you seeking monetary damages and an injunction to stop you using those materials. You could also be ordered to pay legal costs.
If you become aware of any use of JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN copyright materials that contravenes or may contravene the license above, please report this by email to jurnalinfokesehatan@gmail.com
Infringing material
If you become aware of any material on the website that you believe infringes your or any other person's copyright, please report this by email to jurnalinfokesehatan@gmail.com.
