Karakteristik Ibu dan Kehamilan Risiko Tinggi Berhubungan dengan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sangkulirang, Kabupaten Kutai Timur Tahun 2025

Sumiarti; Eka Frenty Hadiningsih; Hestri Norhapifah; Ida Hayati

doi:10.31965/jkp.v11i1.2514

Authors

Sumiarti Program Studi Sarjana Kebidanan, ITKES Wiyata Husada Samarinda
Eka Frenty Hadiningsih Program Studi Sarjana Kebidanan, ITKES Wiyata Husada Samarinda
Hestri Norhapifah Program Studi Sarjana Kebidanan, ITKES Wiyata Husada Samarinda
Ida Hayati Program Studi Sarjana Kebidanan, ITKES Wiyata Husada Samarinda

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31965/jkp.v11i1.2514

Keywords:

Anemia; High-Risk Pregnancy; Maternal Age; Occupation; Parity

Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnant women remains an important public health problem because it contributes to an increased risk of pregnancy complications, hemorrhage, low birth weight, prematurity, and maternal and infant mortality. World Health Organization reported that the global prevalence of anemia among pregnant women is still around 36.5%, while in Indonesia the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women remains high based on national data and continues to be one of the priorities in maternal health problems. This condition is also still found in the working area of Puskesmas Sangkulirang. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between maternal characteristics and high-risk pregnancy with the incidence of anemia among pregnant women. Methods: This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 47 third-trimester pregnant women selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation sheets, and hemoglobin level examinations, then analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test with a significance level of 5%. Results: The results showed that most respondents were not anemic, totaling 30 respondents (63.8%). The majority were aged 20–35 years, totaling 25 respondents (53.2%), multiparous, totaling 20 respondents (42.6%), and unemployed, totaling 30 respondents (63.8%). In addition, most respondents were categorized as having low-risk pregnancies, totaling 19 respondents (40.4%). Bivariate analysis showed significant relationships between maternal age and anemia incidence (p=0.001), parity and anemia incidence (p=0.017), employment status and anemia incidence (p=0.026), as well as high-risk pregnancy and anemia incidence (p=0.013). Conclusion: These findings indicate that maternal characteristics and pregnancy risk factors play important roles in the incidence of anemia among pregnant women. Therefore, efforts to improve early detection and prevention through nutritional education and continuous monitoring of risk factors are necessary.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ananda, F. T. (2025). Kejadian anemia ringan pada ibu hamil di PMB AZ Zahwa Muara Enim. GOJHES: Journal of Global Health and Education Studies. https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/gojhes/article/download/33276/11404

Arifin, H. (2023). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wara Selatan Kota Palopo. Jurnal Kesehatan Luwu Raya.

Aulia, D., & Purwati, E. (2022). Hubungan status pekerjaan dan paritas dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil trimester II di Purwokerto Selatan. Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan, 13(2), 45–52. https://nersmid.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/nersmid/article/download/127/100/333

Faisal, A. D., & Suryanis, I. (2022). Relationship between mother characteristic and anemia in pregnant women at Puskesmas Ikua Koto. Jurnal Ibu dan Anak, 10(2), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.36929/jia.v10i2.595

Geroda Beda Ama, P., & Fajarwati, D. (2024). Hubungan pekerjaan, pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang anemia dengan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe di Puskesmas Cipari. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan.

Hasnita, Y., Oviana, A., & Pitri, Z. Y. (2025). Analisis hubungan usia dan jarak antar kehamilan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 6(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i2.43937

Huda, N. (2025). Pengaruh pengetahuan ibu terhadap kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Gandapura: Studi observasional analitik. Nursing Applied Journal, 3(3), 84–92.

Idyawati, S., Afrida, B. R., Aryani, N. P., & Jannati, S. H. (2023). The relationship of age and gravida status with the incident of anemia in pregnant women in Tanjung Karang Community Health Center. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan, 170, 112–120.

Kaniasari, T. A., & Rahayuningsih, F. B. (2025). Risk factors related to the event of anaemia in pregnant mothers. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 7(2), 163–174. https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i2.5445

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2022). Laporan Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2022. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Lusiyani, E., Sholihin, S., & Asih, F. R. (2023). Prevalensi kehamilan risiko tinggi dan hubungannya dengan kualitas hidup ibu hamil. BIOGRAPH-I. https://doi.org/10.19184/biograph-i.v4i1.48637

Malaka, N. M. A. (2023). Analisis faktor risiko kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. GOJHES. https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/gojhes/article/download/16085/5860

Mutiara, M., Hipni, R., Suhrawardi, S., & Yuliastuti, E. (2025). Hubungan paritas dan pola konsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Martapura 2 tahun 2024. Seroja Husada: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 2(1), 183–193. https://doi.org/10.572349/serojahusada.v2i1.4760

Nurfajriah, N., Azam, M., & Indarjo, S. (2024). Factors associated with the incidence of anemia among pregnant women in Indonesia: Secondary analysis of IFLS 5. Public Health Perspectives Journal, 8(1).

Piyaningsih, D. (2025). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil dengan risiko kehamilan tinggi. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(1), 34–42.

Puji Rochyati. (2014). Skrining antenatal pada ibu hamil risiko tinggi. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.

Putri, Y. R., & Hasnita, E. (2020). Asuhan keperawatan maternitas pada kasus komplikasi kehamilan, persalinan, dan nifas. CV. Pena Persada. https://tinyurl.com/mpbtyjx5

Ramadhini, D., & Dewi, S. S. S. (2021). Hubungan umur, paritas dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Indonesian Health Scientific Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.51933/health.v6i2.600

Risqiyani, S. Z., et al. (2025). Analisis faktor risiko anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Wonoasih Kota Probolinggo. Jurnal Kesehatan Nusantara, 1(4), 136–142.

Raihana, N., & Rusdiana, R. (2025). Defisiensi nutrisi maternal dan komplikasi kehamilan risiko tinggi. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 12(1), 50–58.

Sihite, J. S. (2024). Hubungan kehamilan risiko tinggi umur dengan kejadian anemia. SINERGI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 1(7), 577–585. https://doi.org/10.62335/gfv1ez74

Siregar, C. F., Laila, S., & Auliani, F. D. (2025). Faktor-faktor risiko kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia.

Situmorang, T. S. R., Johan, R. B., Citra, N., & Laily, N. A. (2025). Status Haemoglobin dan Prediktor Anemia pada Ibu Hamil Di Rumah Sakit Umum Kota Tarakan. JUBIDA (Jurnal Kebidanan), 4(2), 464–472.

Suparni, S., Ersila, W., & Widyastuti, R. (2025). Prevalensi kehamilan risiko tinggi dan faktor terkait di Pekalongan. Jurnal Kebidanan, 14(2), 65–73.

Susilawati, E., Aryani, Y., & Yanti, Y. (2025). Pencegahan anemia dalam kehamilan sebagai deteksi dini kehamilan risiko tinggi. PITIMAS: Journal of Community Engagement in Health, 4(1), 16–19. https://doi.org/10.36929/pitimas.v4i1.1108

Suryani, L., et al. (2024). Determinan anemia pada ibu hamil berdasarkan faktor sosial ekonomi dan biologis. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(2), 130–138.

Susanti, E. (2023). Hubungan karakteristik ibu hamil dengan kejadian anemia di Pekanbaru. Jurnal Kesehatan, 13(2), 55–63.

Wijayanti, E. E., & Qonitun, U. (2025). The correlation of maternal age and gestational age with anemia in pregnant women. International Journal of Midwifery Research.

World Health Organization. (2021). Global anaemia estimates in women of reproductive age, 2000–2019. Geneva: WHO.

Yanti, E., Isnaniah, I., Kristiana, E., & Rafidah, R. (2025). Hubungan usia dan paritas dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Seroja Husada: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 2(1), 146–156.

Yanti, N. (2023). Prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Nasional, 8(2), 101–109.

Yuliana, A., & Putri, D. (2022). Dampak anemia pada kehamilan terhadap kesehatan ibu dan janin. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 7(2), 101–109.

Yuni, I. M., Kurniati, N., & Mahmudah, N. (2024). Hubungan usia dan paritas dengan kejadian anemia. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, 5(3).