Pengaruh Penyuluhan Kesehatan Dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Stress Penderita Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Onekore

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a disorder of the circulatory system that is commonly found in the community, which causes heart disease and can lead to mortality. One of the triggers for hypertension is the stress experienced through activation of the sympathetic nervous system resulting in an intermittent increase in blood pressure. Stress in patients with hypertension is caused by lifestyle, including the patient's ignorance of hypertension. Objective: To determine the effect of health education on hypertension on the stress level of hypertension sufferers at the Onekore Health Center. Method: This research is an analytical survey with a quasi-experimental design. The population was 51 hypertensive patients at the Onekore Health Center, the sampling technique used was total sampling. Actions given were health education about hypertension, using a stress level questionnaire with the HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) criteria and blood pressure was measured using a mercury type spygnomanometer. Data analysis used descriptive analysis with the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results showed that before being given health education about hypertension, most respondents (27 people = 52.94%) experienced mild stress, after being given health education about hypertension, most respondents (26 people = 50.98%) experienced mild stress. The Wilcoxon statistical test results obtained a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of health education about hypertension on the stress level of hypertension sufferers at Onekore Health Center. For people with hypertension and their families to always carry out health control in health care facilities to get treatment and detailed health information about hypertension.

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan gangguan pada sistem peredaran darah yang menyebabkan penyakit jantung dan mengakibatkan kematian. Salah satu faktor pemicu terjadinya hipertensi adalah stress yang dialami melalui aktivasi sistem saraf simpatis mengakibatkan naiknya tekanan darah secara intermiten. Stres pada penderita hipertensi diakibatkan karena gaya hidup termasuk ketidaktahuan penderita tentang hipertensi. Tujuan:  Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi terhadap tingkat stres penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Onekore. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan desain kuasi eksperimen. Populasi berjumlah 51 penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Onekore, teknik sampling menggunakan total sampling. Tindakan yang diberikan berupa penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi, menggunakan kuisioner tingkatan stres kriteria HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) dan tekanan darah diukur menggunakan spygnomanometer type mercury. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum diberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi, sebagian besar responden (27 orang = 52,94%) mengalami stres ringan, setelah diberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi, sebagian besar responden (26 orang = 50,98%) mengalami stres ringan. Hasil Uji statistik Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai significancy 0,000 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan tentang hipertensi terhadap tingkat stress penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Onekore. Bagi penderita hipertensi dan keluarganya untuk selalu melakukan kontrol kesehatan di fasilitas layanan kesehatan untuk memperoleh pengobatan dan detail informasi kesehatan tentang penyakit hipertensi.