Risk Factors of Physical Condition of House Against Malaria Occurrence in Ende East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia
Keywords:
Malaria, The physical condition of the house, Case-control, IndonesiaAbstract
Introduction: Malaria is a health problem in Eastern Indonesia, especially in the East Nusa Tenggara. In 2014 there was a mass distribution of insecticide-treated nets but the incidence of malaria is still high. This study identified the physical condition of the house against the malaria occurrences. Methods: A case-control study with 67 cases and 134 control subjects was conducted in the District Wewaria Ende in 2016. The data of the physical condition of the house includes conditions of the walls, floors windows, ventilation, ceiling and lighting were obtained through observation method and subjective measuring. The data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: The cases and control groups were comparable in terms of gender (p = 1), age (p = 0.9), education level (p = 0.9) and occupation (p = 0.6). There are three independent variables were identified as risk factors for malaria is the gloomy of lighting (OR 3.64; 95%CI = 1.77 to 7.47), moist floors (OR 3.02; 95%CI = 1.24 to 7.34) and damaged ceilings (OR 2.41; 95%CI = 1.02 to 5.72). Conclusion: The physical condition of houses are risk factors of malaria occurrence.
Downloads
References
Danis-Lozano, Rodríguez, Betanzos-Reyes, Hernández-Avilia, González-Cerón, Méndez-Galván, Velázquez-Monroy, Tapia-Conyer, Individual risk factors for Plasmodium vivax infection in the residual malaria transmission focus of Oaxaca, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 2007;49:199-209, salud pública de méxico / vol.49, no.3, mayo-junio de 2007.
Depkes RI, 2001, Pedoman Ekologi dan Aspek Peirlaku Vektor, Direktorat Jenderal Pemberantasan Penyakit Menular dan Penyehatan Lingkungan.
................, 2006, Pedoman Penatalaksanaan Kasus Malaria di Indonesia, Ditjen P2M dan PLP, Jakarta.
..............., 2007, Modul Epidemiologi Malaria, Direktorat Jenderal Pemberantasan Penyakit Menular dan Penyehatan Lingkungan Pemukiman, Jakarta.
Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Ende, Profil Dinkes Kab, Ende, 2014, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Ende, 2014.
Ernawati, Kholis., Budhi Soesilo., Artha Duarsa., Rifqatussa’adah, Hubungan Faktor Risiko Individu Dan Lingkungan Rumah Dengan Malaria Di Punduh Pedada Kabupaten Pesawaran Provinsi Lampung Indonesia 2010, Makara, Kesehatan, Vol. 15, No. 2, Desember 2011: 51-57, 2011.
Firmansyah, Isra Wahid, Arsunan Arsin, Efikasi Kelambu Berinsektisida Setelah Pencucian Berulang Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti, http://pasca.unhas.ac.id/jurnal/files/83fcf23146d48d6b577f0aa5666aeeab.pdf 2014.
Harmendo, Faktor Risiko Kejadian Malaria di Wil,ayah Krja Puskesmas Kenanga Kecamatan Sungailiat Kabupaten Bangka, thesis, Magister Kesehatan Lingkungan, Undip, Semarang, 2008. Available at : http//eprints.undip.ac.id.
Kemenkes RI, 2013, Riset Kesehatan Dasar, Badan Penelitian dan pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI, Jakarta, Available at: www. Depkes.go.id/resources/download, 2013.
....................., 2014, Pedoman Pengendalian Vektor Malaria, Ditjen Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan, Jakarta.
Kemenkes RI, Pedoman Penggunaan Kelambu Berinsektisida Menuju Eliminasi Malaria, Jakarta, 2014.
Malaria, Infodatin Malaria Available at: www.depkes.go.id., 2016.
MDGs 2015, The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015, Available at: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20rev%20(July%201).pdf
Notoatmodjo (2007), Promosi Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku,: Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Puskesmas Welamosa, Data P2M Bidang Malaria, 2015.
Rubianti, Faktor-faktor Risiko Malaria di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paruga kota Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol.3(3), pp.174–185. Available at: http://www. ubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3481670&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract, 2009.
Santy, Hubungan Antara Faktor Individu Dan Faktor Lingkungan Dengan Kejadian Malaria Di Desa Sungai Ayak 3 Kecamatan Belitang Hilir Kabupaten Sekadau, thesis, Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura Available at: http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/eJKI/article/view/3186/2478, 2014.
Stanley Lameshow, Besar Sampel Dalam Penelitian Kesehatan, Gadjah Mada University Press,Yogyakarta, 1990.
World Health Organization (WHO, World Malaria Report 2015, available at ttp://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/200018/1/9789241565158_eng.pdf, 2015.
Yawan, S. F, Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Malaria di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bosnik Kecamatan Biak Timur Kabupaten Biak Numfor Papua, Tahun 2006, thesis, Magister Kesehatan Lingkungan, Undip, Semarang.Available at: http.//repository.usu.ac.id.
