Effect of FITT Education (Frequency, Intensity, Type, Time) on Knowledge, Attitude, and Physical Activity Behavior among Overweight Members: A Pre-Experimental Study in a Running Community
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Overweight is a growing public health concern because it raises the risk of non-communicable diseases. Regular physical activity is central to managing overweight, and it should follow the FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Type, and Time) principles. Insufficient knowledge and unsuitable attitudes can get in the way of appropriate physical activity. This study analyzed the effect of FITT-based education on knowledge, attitude, and physical activity behavior among overweight members of the Teman Sehat running community in Bengkulu City. A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used, with FITT-based education as the independent variable and knowledge, attitude, and physical activity behavior as the dependent variables. Of the 54 community members, 30 overweight members were chosen by purposive sampling; they were older than 18 years, had a BMI ≥25 kg/m², were literate, and agreed to take part. Knowledge and attitude were measured with structured questionnaires, and physical activity was recorded with an observation checklist built on the FITT components. The intervention consisted of structured lectures supported by the Athleta educational module. Because the data were not normally distributed, descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were applied. Mean knowledge rose significantly from 58.67±6.81 to 86.67±6.07 (mean difference 28.00; p<0.001). Mean attitude rose from 10.43±0.94 to 14.97±0.89 (mean difference 4.54; p<0.001), and mean physical activity behavior rose from 9.20±1.50 to 11.80±0.86 (mean difference 2.60; p<0.001). All FITT domains improved. FITT-based education therefore significantly improved knowledge, attitude, and physical activity behavior among overweight members of the Teman Sehat running community in Bengkulu City, and it can be used as a promotive and preventive strategy for overweight management in community health programs.
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